Windows 7: Win7 fails to start after "successful" image restore

My HP 6110f came with Vista 2 years ago. I upgraded to Win 7 Home Premium 64-bit. Months later, PC died. I just got it back from Tech support facility, who replaced the power supply, CPU and motherboard - and restored my system to factory Vista. Grr.
I ran the Win 7 upgrade again. Successful. Then restored from a full system image I made shortly before the PC died. Message said it was successful, but Windows would not restart.
"Startup Repair cannot repair this computer automatically." Per the Session Details, all the tests ran successfully, error code 0/0. Under system disk it says "Number of Root Causes = 1" Then says "Root cause found.Startup Repair has tried several times but still cannot determine the cause of the problem."

I have no idea of specs or drivers of the hardware they put into my machine.

Advice, please?

Your Full system image is set to the old OEM manufacturer's motherboard.

theog: I surmised as much, but what can I do about it?

If you have a External HD, you could copy & paste your data.
Copy & Paste - in Windows Recovery Console
than copy & paste your data to new install.

Than do a clean install:
Clean Install with a Upgrade Windows 7 Version

Cleaning the HD:
SSD / HDD : Optimize for Windows Reinstallation

Thanks, theog.
I already have all my documents on an external HD. Is there anything else I should copy off before I wipe the drive?
I'm really bummed to have to install all my programs and such from scratch. I thought the full system image was supposed to save me from that.

If I could get the motherboard info from the repair guys, is there any way to update my current setup without reinstalling?

1) Only your Data.

2) Would have on the old OEM manufacturer's motherboard.

3) No, not readly, but you can try Paragon Adaptive Restore.