BSOD after reboot because Norton wasn't working

I've got a pretty dire problem with my Win7 Starter HP Mini 210-1100 netbook. Earlier today, I downloaded a "setup.exe" that was supposed to install a desktop wallpaper mod. Shortly after launching it, however, Norton gave a warning that said a recent attack in my computer was prevented. Thanks, Norton, I thought. A little later, I started a completely unrelated program and Windows Firewall asked for me to define permissions for it. That was usual because Norton was my firewall, not Windows Firewall. I checked in the Notification Center and saw that both my Norton programs that are usually down there were gone. I tried launching it from the Start menu, but that didn't work. So, I logged off and back on. It still didn't work, so I rebooted. It went through starting up the drivers, then got stuck on the screen that displays the processor and Windows version information. A few minutes later, blue screen and reboot into the system recovery mode. After it went though "attempting repairs" and a reboot, it said that it couldn't fix the problems. An HP options box appeared, with a few options. I chose the diagnostics one, and "check the Windows partition." It ran through a command prompt and landed me right back to the HP window, where I am currently. I have the options to do a Microsoft System Restore, a System Recovery, or a Minimized Image Recovery. What should I do?
This is a netbook, so it doesn't have a CD drive, and didn't come with any recovery disks or anything.*
Also, Startup Repair gave this info:
Problem Event Name: StartupRepairOffline
Problem Signature 01: 6.1.7600.16385
Problem Signature 02: 6.1.7600.16385
Problem Signature 03: unknown
Problem Signature 04: 76
Problem Signature 05: AutoFailover
Problem Signature 06: 1
Problem Signature 07: MissingOsLoader
OS Version: 6.1.7600.2.0.0.256.1
Locale ID: 1033
I hope someone can help.
UPDATE:
First, I tried a Norton Bootable Recovery Tool that was useless. Then, I tried a Microsoft System Restore that gave me a 0x8000ffff error which means "catastrophic failure." Then, I tried using bootrec.exe via the command prompt, but it said that there were 0 installations of Windows on my computer. I looked at the S: drive via command prompt and it seems to be empty and only 200 MB. I also decided to check out the D: drive in command prompt, and found it contains everything that should be on the C: drive, and the size matches up as well. Is it possible to try to redirect Windows to boot into the D drive instead of the C?
Also, I have a dualbooted Ubuntu that's working, if that could be of any help. I'd really appreciate it if anyone could help, because so far, this forum is letting me down.

Then I shall try that.
Did nothing. Found 4 files that I trust to be "suspicious," and couldn't even fix them. Useless.