I don't use Chrome so these are just some guesses on my part.
- If you're signing in to Gmail using Chrome it may be reinstalling itself each time you sign in.
- Perhaps Google Voice requires Chrome and it syncs itself to any other device such as your computer.
- If you've updated or reinstalled Adobe, Java, etc they often pre-check a Chrome installation. If you're not careful you get unwanted "stuff" installed.
After uninstalling Chrome through control panel, you could try manually uninstalling Chrome by editing the registry.
Manually uninstall Google Chrome in Windows - Google Chrome Help
You could also search the registry for any reference to
googleupdate, delete all keys referring to it, and also delete the folder(s) containing Google Update (in C:\Users\[yourname]\AppData\Local, ... LocalLow and ... Roaming), as well as Task Schedules (in C:\Windows\Tasks).
When editing the registry I suggest making a system restore point "just in case".