You only posted the CBS.log file - not all the requested data. There's not a lot I can do with it except comment that this appears to be the root of your problem...
Code:
Line 5813: 2014-08-22 12:44:49, Info DPX CreateFileW failed, FileName:\\?\C:\Windows\TEMP\IE1BB26.tmp\IE10-neutral.Extracted.cab, Error:0x80070002
Line 5823: 2014-08-22 12:44:49, Error CBS Failed to process single phase execution. [HRESULT = 0x80070002 - ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND]
Line 5833: 2014-08-22 12:44:55, Error CBS Failed to perform operation. [HRESULT = 0x80070002 - ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND]
Line 17256: 2014-08-22 13:41:58, Error CSI 00000021@2014/8/22:20:41:58.986 (F) d:\win7sp1_gdr\base\wcp\componentstore\csd_locking.cpp(324): Error STATUS_SXS_ASSEMBLY_MISSING originated in function CCSDirectTransaction::LockComponent expression: (null)
Line 17258: 2014-08-22 13:42:04, Error CSI 00000022 (F) STATUS_SXS_ASSEMBLY_MISSING #454308# from CCSDirectTransaction::OperateEnding at index 0 of 1 operations, disposition 2[gle=0xd015000c]
Line 17259: 2014-08-22 13:42:04, Error CSI 00000023 (F) HRESULT_FROM_WIN32(ERROR_SXS_ASSEMBLY_MISSING) #454193# from Windows::ServicingAPI::CCSITransaction::ICSITransaction_PinDeployment(Flags = 0, a = 45de97bbd5459259a5e9d81a2e00cea2, Version = 8.0.7600.16839, pA = PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE_AMD64 (9), Culture neutral, VersionScope = 1 nonSxS, PublicKeyToken = {l:8 b:31bf3856ad364e35}, Type neutral, TypeName neutral, PublicKey neutral, cb = (null), s = (null), rid = [79]"Package_15_for_KB2559049~31bf3856ad364e35~amd64~~6.1.1.2.2559049-88_neutral_GDR", rah = [1]"3", manpath = (null), catpath = (null), ed = 0, disp = 0)[gle=0x80073701]
Line 17263: 2014-08-22 13:42:04, Error CBS Failed to resolve execution package: Package_15_for_KB2559049~31bf3856ad364e35~amd64~~6.1.1.2 [HRESULT = 0x80073701 - ERROR_SXS_ASSEMBLY_MISSING]
Line 17267: 2014-08-22 13:42:04, Error CBS Failed to process single phase execution. [HRESULT = 0x80073701 - ERROR_SXS_ASSEMBLY_MISSING]
Line 17286: 2014-08-22 13:42:08, Error CBS Failed to perform operation. [HRESULT = 0x80073701 - ERROR_SXS_ASSEMBLY_MISSING]
S
Please post ALL th erequested data.