It sounds like something went horribly wrong with your Windows system files or registry. Have you used any registry cleaning tools on this system?
You may also try
Disk Check with both boxes checked for all HDDs and with Automatically fix file system errors checked for all SSDs. Post back your logs for the checks after finding them using
Check Disk (chkdsk) - Read Event Viewer Log. It is possible you have hard disk errors causing the problems.
Also, have you tried to use
System Restore OPTION TWO to revert to an old restore point?