This will not do anything to prevent you from using the hard drive. I highly doubt it will affect you being able to get into Windows, but there is always a chance of this anytime software, hardware, or drivers are installed/uninstalled. That is why it is usually a good idea to have restore points enabled so you have a system base to return to in such an event.
If you want to be really careful (this is what I do so if anything happens, I can return to an exact copy of my system afterward):
Uninstall the Intel drivers and check your system for the latest drivers from the Intel driver update utility. The driver is Intel SATA AHCI controller; it should show up through the Intel utility as something similar to that.