BSOD 0x00000124 Hardware issue

OK, check your wiring. Make sure all are plugged in and completely seated, even 1/16" can make a difference. Check the 24 pin cable and the 8 Pic ATX +12V above the CPU and make sure it is oriented right and it is completely seated. Make sure it is the CPU cable. Install 1 stick of ram, remove the sound card, if you have on board graphics, remove the graphics card and plug the monitor into the on board graphics. Unplug and re-plug the Hard drive, both cables and make sure they are seated.
12st boot, go into bios, check what the sata controller is set to (IDE, AHCI or Raid) load optimized defaults, set your ram to manufacturer's specs for Timings, Frequency and Dram Voltage. Set your boot order the way it is set now. Save and exit. See if you can boot. If not try safe mode.

An 0X124 is a generic Hardware error meaning some piece of hardware has failed/is failing. An 0X9C is a machine Check Exception which means pretty much the same thing.

When you replaced the system, what did you add new, except the Graphics card and sound card? What I would like you to try is to download a Live Linux ISO file and burn it to a CD or a USB drive. Boot into it and use it for a while. The reason is a Live Linux runs out of ram and does not involve the hard drive at all. If you have a hardware problem, other than the hard drive, you will still get a BSOD. If you can run it and not have a BSOD, it means you have a hard drive problem or a driver problem.

Anything that was not in the old rig, remove from the new rig. Go into BIOS and see what the sata controller is set to (IDE, AHCI or Raid). Only connect the hard drive Windows is installed on. Set the BIOS to Optimized defaults, set the sata controller to whatever it is set to now, set the boot order, save and exit. Then see if it will boot. Try this first, then try the Linux. A Live Linux does not install unless you tell it to. Don't install it, just use it for a while and see how it runs. You can also look in your hard drive and see the files and copy/paste any of your personal files out if you need to. If you copy your personal files, you will need an external drive to do that.

Just a thought Steve.
Motherboard standoffs in the new case.

Yes, I thought of that too. But who knows. It seems that if no really new hardware was added, it has to be something in the installation or BIOS.

thrandall, are you sure that when you installed the Motherboard in the new case, there was a standoff for each screw hole in the motherboard and there were no extra standoffs installed that did not line up with a screw hole? If there is an extra standoff, you will most likely have a dead short.Are you sure you have connected the front panel connectors correctly and is that the same hard drive and operating system that was being used in the old system?