The issue resolves itself after a reboot, but this is not the first time I've had the issue. It seems to come back after awhile, get fixed with a reboot, rinse+repeat. I thought I noticed the issue was gone a few days ago, so now I have proof.:P
I have not changed default fonts.
I think the issue developed after I accidentally switched themes from the customized, unsaved one I was using to the default Windows 7 theme (I only changed colors+wallpaper). I redid my theme and saved it to avoid this happening again, which is when I first noticed the cutoff icons in the rightclick menu. I'm not sure why changing the theme would matter, and I'm not sure it actually had anything to do with this issue, but that was when I first noticed it.