Windows 7: I think my permissions are all screwed up

Is there some ways to fix or reset all the permissions on Windows 7? There's some odd issues such as when I create a new folder on my desktop, I feel that this folder shouldn't have under the "everyone" listing as being able to write, modify, etc. It has as many options checked as my, the owner has and administrators.

I've also been having issues where I can't even save anything into a folder from a program's save feature. Or simply moving a file from one directory to another prompts me to click "continue" after it warns me that "you need administrative privileges to continue this action"

I would do a Repair Install, honestly.

If it's just the desktop, I would input this in the command promopt


But, if it were every single permission, then Repair Install is the best option 98% of the time. However, if I were that desperate, I would experiment with this in the command prompt (DOING Backup Complete Computer - Create an Image Backup FIRST, OF COURSE) and see if it works.

I appreciate your excellent answer, thank you and I will try what you have mentioned above.