How many updates did you try to install? I usually do updates in small groups (maybe 3 - 5 at a time.) After installing those updates I'll run my machine for a while to make sure it's working correctly. If it is, I'll install the next 3 - 5. If a problem occurs I'll know exactly which group of updates to uninstall. Uninstall all of the updates in that group, reboot, and install just one at a time. They'll either all install properly or you'll know which specific update is the problem. Ignore that update for the time being and continuing installing the rest 3 - 5 at a time. When all updates are installed and machine is working right, try installing the problem update. If it still won't install right you'll probably need to Google that update to see if others have had the same problem.
Before installing your updates you could also run the system update readiness tool. This Microsoft article gives more info.
What is the System Update Readiness Tool?
And if this doesn't help you should be able to get free update support from Microsoft.
Support for Microsoft Update technical problems - troubleshooting
If you know you don't need a particular update, you can hide it so it doesn't keep asking you to install it.
Windows Update - Hide or Restore Hidden Updates
And finally you can look at this tutorial for resetting Windows Update components.
Windows Update - Reset