Windows 7 Asus blank blue screen upon startup

Hi everyone! My parents have a windows 7 Asus pc (I believe home premium) and when started it goes to the black screen stating that it was shut down incorrectly and gives you the option of running startup repair or starting windows normally. When starting windows normally is chosen it appears to begin starting as normal and then goes to a blank blue screen (of death?) with a black border on the left and bottom sides. I'm not much more computer savvy than they are and have no idea what the problem is or where to start. What does this mean?

What happens when you choose Startup Repair?

If it won't start then work through these steps for Troubleshooting Windows 7 Failure to Start.

If you know the cause was shutting it down improperly then you can use the disk provided to run Startup Repair a few times from disk which might work better. It should offer to System Restore but if not run it next from the disk's System Recovery Options.

Otherwise work through all of the steps leading up to if necessary rescuiing your files to run Factory Recovery or do the superior Clean Reinstall.