I hate to see you just buying parts to try. That is an expensive form of diagnostics. Keep in mind that servicing a computer while not being on site is difficult, if not ridiculous. I am not at all sure that you need a motherboard, or a power supply, or a video card. It would be nice if you could eliminate one or more of these as a cause.
Are you still running with that Rosewill power supply? I thought you said a while back that you replaced it, but I don't remember.
But let's look at some facts: If you run the game at it's lowest settings and turn off all of Window's 3D eye candy the problem goes away? That is a clue. That means that your system can handle standard graphics, but anytime you ask for some horsepower it can't do it.
Try some tests:
Assuming the card is back in the x16 PCIe slot and you have clean installed the latest WHQL
drivers: try this:
Go to Programs > Games and open Chess Masters. Does the video crash opening a Windows 3D game? Try it with a non-Aero desktop and with.
Run the Windows Experience rating. This tests the video card through all the gaming stuff. Does it crash or show the TDR?
Unplug all the equipment you don't immediately need: DVD drive, all USB devices, case lights. Disable the LAN and Sound devices. Basically power down everything you don't need to run the computer and then try to recreate a crash.
Try and think of anything else you could do to test the system to try and isolate the cause.
HTH