If the HD is detected in BIOS setup and passes the HD diagnostics extended CD scan Theog linked, then unplug all other HD's and peripherals,
Boot into BIOS setup to enable Legacy BIOS if present. Next check BIOS Boot order for an EFI Boot Disk and if present remove it, set DVD drive first to boot, HD second. Then set SATA controller to AHCI. Save changes and Exit.
Then boot into installer DVD or flash stick burned or written using tool and latest ISO for your licensed OS version
here. Your installer could very likely be the problem.
At first installer screen Press Shift + F10 to open a Command Box, type:
DISKPART
LIST DISK
SELECT DISK 0 (after confirming Windows 7 target HD #)
CLEAN
CREATE PARTITION PRIMARY SIZE=102400 (for 100gb partition, adjust as desired)
FORMAT FS=NTFS LABEL="WINDOWS 7"
ACTIVE
EXIT
EXIT
Next click Install Now, then Custom install to
Clean Install Windows 7 to the partition you created. If it fails then report back at which step and the verbatim error message.
In addition read over these steps to understand the tools and methods which work best to get and maintain a perfect
Clean Reinstall - Factory OEM Windows 7. The steps are the same for retail.