Windows 7 repair install failed; error when trying to run Update

Hello, I've been have several issues with my laptop ever since I swapped over my faulty C drive by Ghosting it onto another HDD. My troubleshooters all fail to run when I try to start them and Windows Update will not work despite the fact that I've checked and re-checked that the service is running. I've run sfc twice now with reboots in between and I've tried to repair install windows 7 using the tutorial provided by this forum, but I keep running into errors while trying to fix the problem.

I do not want to run a clean install unless I absolutely have to, but repairing it doesn't seem to work. I have the CBS log and the error codes from the troubleshooters if you need them.

Start by running a couple of Startup Repairs to make sure the boot files are in order.

Post back a screenshot of Disk Management - Post a Screen Capture Image - Windows 7 Help Forums.

Did the clone hold activation after cloning? Check at Computer>Properties activation link.

If these are okay, then let's move to addressing the UPdates. Try each of these tutorials:
reset Windows Update components
System Update Readiness Tool fixes Windows Update errors in Windows 7, Windows Vista, Windows Server 2008 R2, and Windows Server 2008
Windows Update - Reset - Windows 7 Forums

Report back the results of each of these steps.

Is this the original Asus factory preinstall with the bloatware and duplicate utilities that have better versions built into Win7? If so this is a corrupt install to begin with that smothers Win7 native performance. So I'd stronglly consider doing the superior Clean Reinstall - Factory OEM Windows 7 as you'd go from one of the worst possible installs to one of the best. Once you've done it you can preserve a backup image so you never have to do it again.