What essenbe said. I agree 100%
But in general, theres really only 3 things you need to do.
Set RAM speed. Usually for its advertised speeds/timings.
You should only need to adjust the CPu multiplier which will be your OC speed. CPU Multi * 100 = CPu speed. I/E if you set it at x45 45x100-4500 or 4.5gz.
And the 3rd setting, should you need it will be CPU Vcore.
Many do things slightly different, but for me I like to leave EIST/Speed step enabled and look for stability with it on, as I believe it to be a very good thing. This way your OC is only active when needed. Others like it turned off. Theres really no right or wrong answer, but more of a preference. But also depends on the OC your trying to achieve.
For example, if you just going for 4.0-4.5Ghz, you can leave it on and get the benefits from it. However, if you want to go fro high OCs, say 4.8 or higher, you may be forced to turn it off to get stability.
But, as mentioned, all CPUs are different so generic advice is really all that can be given. You'll need to test yourself if your CPU/MOBO/RAM combo is happy or not.
theres also another setting, called different things. Essentially, its a Vdroop control. I always set mine to WITHOUT VDroop. It may also be called Load Line Calibration On or OFF. Depends on the motherboard bios.
Please keep in mind, this is just "general" direction. Please, do reasearch and do not randomly start changing things as you can easily destroy your hardware.
Know voltage limits, heat ranges as well as what the settings in your bios do. If you are serious about learning it, theres a wealth of information suited to your exact hardware that will explain each setting in detail.
This will be a good starting point, and by knowing this information you will know what safe ranges are as well as what to and where to look if a problem comes up. It will be worth its wieght in gold later, trust me
Every CPU, RAM kit, and motherboard have thier own little quirks and personalities. I had a older Intel Quad one time that was stable up to 3.6ghz. At 3.7 it would crash and burn. But by bumping the FSB a bit more beyong that "spot", it would run at 4.0Ghz happily.
Some CPUS may just hit a wall at a certain point at thats all they will do, period. Others, will hit a thermal limit before hitting a speed wall and the solution is much better cooling to go further. And then theres some golden (or rare) chips out there that can just pull off remarkable things without blinking an eye. And thats just possibilities from identical chips, just from different batches. Anyway, you get the idea.
But your main 3 for a I/B setup will be: 1) CPU Multi 2) RAM Speed 3) CPU Vcore (slight adjuments - should still be somewhere close to stock)
For a 4.5 or so OC these shopuld be all that need adjusted.
Generally speaking (again each CPU is different) after 4.5, adjustments and setting start becoming more critical for stability.