Windows 7 - Program stops after install permission

So after upgrading Vista to Windows 7, it basically ruined my computer, so I had to do a system restore back to Vista. I then reinstalled Windows 7, taking more precautions (I ended up having to uninstall Quick Button Launch from my HP Pavillion), I successfully upgraded my system. Now, I am having both driver ands software issues.

On the software end, I am having issues with programs asking if the administrator gives permission to install (or "make changes"), and then the installation quitting (I see no sign of the program running hidden in my Task Manager). This has happened specifically with a program called "dotnetfx35step.exe" which installs .NET Framework. I double-click on the .NET Framework install program, the computer asks if I give permission for it to install, and then it basically shuts itself down, it seems. When I troubleshoot compatibility through Windows, it says it detects an incompatible program. I've tried running through compatibility with Windows Vista, and both Vista Service Packs 1 and 2; all results are the same. I need this program to do school work, but I hope I don't have to go BACK to Vista, since upgrading to Windows 7 destroyed all my personal data, and I really hope to have something to show for it.