Of course you're not getting any bass out of your sub...Microsoft switched over to salmon for Win 7.
Welcome to Windows 7 Forum!
Seriously, though. I have Realtek HD on-board (ASUS mobo) and an old Altec Lansing 2.1 speaker system, and my sub works fine. The crossover in the speaker system should handle the job of sending LF signals to the sub, nothing in Windows or the Realtek hardware.
Maybe just make sure every cable is hooked up correctly and not damaged. My A-T sub has a special connector that has several small pins. If your is the same, make sure the pins are not bent. If everything looks fine, open the sub and check for a blown fuse. Worst-case, your sub may have bit the dust.