Just to let you know why it happens, Ill tell you what computer specs I have: Intel Core 2 Duo Extreme 2.8 Ghz, 2.5GB Ram, nVidia 8600. This is a laptop by the way, but it is pretty close to the high end (except for the video card). When I turn off the computer and the power profile is set to High Performance, I dont see the Action Center prompt to activate Windows Defender, however when I shut it down with Balanced or Power Saver power schemes, it prompts me to activate Windows Defender. So basically the problem is your computer is either on a low power and low performance mode to save battery, or it is not fast enough to open Windows Defender before the Action Center detects it hasn't been loaded. In all instances I have seen the prompt to activate Defender, it fixes itself without me having to do anything. I found out just now that Defender is configured by Windows Seven to start up automatically but with a delayed start. Maybe setting it to Automatic (without the delayed start) will stop causing the Action Center pop up for you. If it doesn't work, then maybe also setting Action Center to start up automatically but with a delayed start will give your computer enough time to load Defender before Action Center detects the Defender Service is not running yet.