Windows not genuine error after HDD upgrade

I have NOT yet followed your last suggestions. I went to turn on my computer this morning, and now it is not booting at all. Here's what I know:

Dell XPS M1530
When I press the power button, the led on the button lights up for a second, and then nothing. No sounds, no other LEDs light up, the LED on the button is back off.
I have found many mentions online about the GPU melting, but those people seem to have a boot without a display. I don't have a boot.
I am a PhD student working on my dissertation, so I am really freaking out right now. Do I have to go buy a new computer, or is there a fix you can suggest?

Thanks.

In the way of computers, the solution was apparently to leave the house for a few hours and try again. It turned on without a problem. Thanks. I will try your previous suggestion later, but for now it is time to just spend time with the kids.

I tried to run CheckSUR again, and again got error 0xc8000247. It actually says that it is Windows Update Standalone Installer that is giving me the error. I double-checked, and I am downloading the 32-bit Windows 7 version of CheckSUR, and that is the appropriate version for my system.

OK, so here's what I found. Method 2 did not work, as you know. Method 3 (SFC.exe) we have done before, and you said it was not helpful. I ran it again just to be safe. I did Method 4, no luck.

Method 5 was interesting. It said to go to HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\COMPONENTS, but I could not find that directory. I check in the other HKEY's, but COMPONENTS was nowhere to be found. I don't know if that is because the KB article is written before Windows 7 or what. So Method 5 did not happen.

Method 6, no change. Method 7 is apparently not relevant in Windows 7, as the excluded folders don't exist. Method 8 was skipped. Method 9 did not help.

Method 10 was another interesting discovery. I tried to manually start Windows Update, and it said that it could not start because the service was not started. I opened services, and the service IS started. I restarted it to be safe, but it did not help. I don't know if that info helps or not. Method 12 I have done a few times now, so I'm not sure it is really worth doing again at this point.