Windows 7 Service Pack 1 for x64-based Systems update error

Great - please post the new CheckSUR report so we can check that nothing new has appeared.

Just as well - we seem to have boobed on the two manifest files

Code:

Checking Component Store
(f) CSI Manifest All Zeros 0x00000000 winsxs\Manifests\msil_mscorlib.resources_b77a5c561934e089_6.1.7600.16597_en-us_66b0e132757333e5.manifest msil_mscorlib.resources_b77a5c561934e089_6.1.7600.16597_en-us_66b0e132757333e5 
(f) CSI Manifest All Zeros 0x00000000 winsxs\Manifests\msil_mscorlib.resources_b77a5c561934e089_6.1.7600.20717_en-us_4fdb37fe8f21c984.manifest msil_mscorlib.resources_b77a5c561934e089_6.1.7600.20717_en-us_4fdb37fe8f21c984

Did you copy the CONTENT of the Manifests to the target, or the folder itself?

Please run the following command, and we'll see....

DIR C:\Windows\Temp\CheckSUR\Winsxs\Manifests

If, as I suspect you copied the folder, simply repeat the process this time copying only the files, and run CheckSUR again.