Error 0xc0000225 after resizing partition, can't boot

Actually, he will have less flexibility with logical.

Make it one large primary partition. If you ever need, which I don't think will occur, to repartition just yell at us.

And what is the answer to my version question?

Sorry I thought that by "version" you mean the value of the item "Version" from your screenshot, which is 6.1.7600. I guess what you wanted to know was that she has Windows 7 Home Premium 32bit.

I finally created a new partition in that unallocated space... Funny thing: It's a logical one... Now this came as a surprise to me - for the following reasons:
1. I'm sure I deleted the extended partition from there; it was gone.
2. During the process of creating a new partition, I had to specify a filesystem, and extended partitions technically don't have one, so I assumed diskmgmt.msc was creating a primary one. Apparently, it was creating an extended one and a logical one within it, for which it needed that filesystem. I guess I'm just confused by the fact that diskmgmt.msc doesn't list the extended partition the way I'm used to it from Linux... But i get it now.
3. I didn't realize that the OEM partition counts as primary too, because it doesn't say so under "Status", and OEM partitions are kind of special anyway, whatever... But the fact that the Disk Management utility created an extended partition without asking, whereas according to Google it's impossible to get this utility to create an extended one unless there are already three primary partitions on the hard drive implies that OEM partitions are primary too.

One way or another, my problem is solved now, booting works again and the partitions are exactly how I wanted them from the beginning. I never would have thought that this could be solved within 24 hours, this forum is really great. Thank you all so much for helping me!

Out of curiosity, what benefits does a primary partition offer over a logic one? I think I read that Windows can only be installed on a primary one; or are there other aspects that make them the more flexible choice?

Another DiskManagement snapshot please.

Here it goes:

It sais:
"New Partition (D):
207,57 GB NTFS
Healthy (Logical Drive)"