BSOD during game; can't get past "starting windows" anymore

Hello, I got a BSOD while playing a game last night. After restarting my computer and getting past the
"starting windows" screen I got a consistent BSOD immediately after; I am currently forced to use safe mode.

Some computer specs:
Video card: Nvidia GTX 460
OS: Windows 7
CPU: AMD Phenom II X4 820 Processor 2.80 GHz
RAM: 8 GB

Here's the BSOD info:

Problem signature:
Problem Event Name: BlueScreen
OS Version: 6.1.7601.2.1.0.768.3
Locale ID: 1033

Additional information about the problem:
BCCode: 116
BCP1: FFFFFA8009634010
BCP2: FFFFF880073DF14C
BCP3: 0000000000000000
BCP4: 0000000000000002
OS Version: 6_1_7601
Service Pack: 1_0
Product: 768_1

Thinking it was a graphics card driver issue, I rolled back but still got a similar error:

Problem signature:
Problem Event Name: BlueScreen
OS Version: 6.1.7601.2.1.0.768.3
Locale ID: 1033

Additional information about the problem:
BCCode: 116
BCP1: FFFFFA80092F1010
BCP2: FFFFF880073B2394
BCP3: 0000000000000000
BCP4: 0000000000000002
OS Version: 6_1_7601
Service Pack: 1_0
Product: 768_1

I've attached logs of the dump files. I plan on putting in an older graphics card and seeing if I can get my computer to start, but I thought I'd post here first.

I uninstalled/reinstalled drivers by using both DDU and Drive Sweeper but unfortunately I starting getting BSODs again after reinstalling drivers.

I did start it up with on-board graphics and it worked. I wasn't able to try my older graphics card, unfortunately - my computer never recognized it and I'm not even sure if it still works. I might be able to get a friend's to test out.

Not sure where to go from here. I might get a new graphics card because mine is old anyway but I want to make sure it'll work.