Denied permission when trying to get access to folder named "1055"

From somewhere, somehow, a folder named "24cd9e4542d29590bce925ec30" has been created in my W7x86pro root dir. Trying to look inside, I had to "permanently get access". But then inside it, there are a whole lot of folders named things like 1025, 1028, 1029, etc, ending with 3076, and 3082.

What's in those folders, I have no idea, since every time I try to open one, I first get the "You don't currently have permission to access this folder" dialog, and then when I click Continue, I get "You have been denied permission to access this folder".

Also inside the "24cd9e4542d29590bce925ec30" folder, there are files, like "Setup.exe" and "NDP40-KB2473228.msp" and "SetupEngine.dll" and some *.bmp and some other files. I guess that NDP40-KB2473228.msp gives away that this folder has something to do with some .NET framework update, but AFAIK, there's no .NET-anything installed on this computer.

I want to remove the "24cd9e4542d29590bce925ec30" folder, but there seems to be no way I can get permission to do that. trying to get ownership or set access rights, all I get is "Access denied" or similar.

Does anyone know:
1. What those folders and files are doing there?
2. How do I remove them?

Just to make sure we're not dealing with any malicious activity, run a full scan with Malwarebytes and after updating it and post the result here.
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