The SubSytem needed to support the image type is not present.

Britton30 said:

Unfortunately I think you are going to need a Repair Install As a precaution back up your data first although it should be safe along with your installed programs.

Sad but true. Your sfc logs show many (repetitive) hash mismatch errors.
A repair install would be the best and fastest way to get your problem fixed without losing your user profiles and other data.

In that case, backup your data and do a Clean Install Windows 7

Joshyy said:

I'll see if I can work out another option, I do not want to loose all my files and I don't know how to back them all up.. I have 2 hard drives, Is it possible for me to clean install onto that and just leaves this old OS on this drive?

There're many options for backing up data. Choose what you like.
Copy & Paste - in Windows Recovery Console

Rescue Kit Free Edition | PARAGON Software Group - free partition software, hard disk partitioning

Lucid Puppy way to recover files from a non-bootable computer

Regarding your second question- yes.

Joshyy said:

I'll see if I can work out another option, I do not want to loose all my files and I don't know how to back them all up.. I have 2 hard drives, Is it possible for me to clean install onto that and just leaves this old OS on this drive?

You would need to buy a new key for another install and keep this one too. Did you follow the steps outlined in the tutorial for repair?
Another option for back up would be to simply copy your Users folder to anther drive. Depending on how many files you have it could take 30 min or hours to copy. After wards, wipe the first drive and do the clean install, copy back your data to the same folder in the new install. All of your program and settings will need to be re-done manually.