!!!Problem Solved!!!
I have been having this exact same issue for about six months now with no solution but to use the FQDN of my XP machine.
This is useless when my routed dumps all leases upon restart and i have a few wireless devices attached to the router, one being my xp laptop with the printer im trying to access. Thus having to fix the FQDN share name every time i restart my router is an absolute pain, not to mention very slow due to the inherent lag of a fully qualified name.
So I spent a few hours researching the problem and have found the solution to mine.
1. Disable the IPv6 protocol on your 7 machine (if you don't need it, this speeds up LLTD responder requests)
2. Open the network interface properties on the XP computer that is connected to the network. (mine is wireless so i select the wireless adapter properties)
3. Click the Advanced Tab
4. In the Windows Firewall Box, Click the Settings button.
5. On the first page, make sure the firewall is On, then uncheck the "Don't allow exceptions" checkbox.
6. Click on the "Exceptions" Tab, make sure the "File and Printer Sharing" checkbox in the list is checked.
Then click ok on this window and the adapter properties window, restart the computer and once the machine has rebooted back into windows, it should work fine.
I hope this helps anyone else that has been hiving this problem for as long as I have
