Improved multi-monitor support
Native USB 3.0 stack
Reduced boot time
Significantly lower memory footprint
Storage Spaces (virtualized storage pools)
New files system (ReFS)
Improved SSD support and performance
Built-in antivirus and spyware protection
Improved automatic updating system (less frequent reboot required updates)
Built in support for creating system images and full system restore
Built-in ISO mounting
Built-in VHD mounting
Built-in PDF support
Automatic cloud based backup of system settings, Personal files, and Metro applications
New interface for Shadow Copy
Windows Store sells desktop software
Drastically improved task manager
Drastically improved file management allowing you to pause file copying jobs and finish them later
Windows 8 has basically become rootkit proof when combined with UEFI
Hyper-V
Various reviews of the beta candidate builds confirm noticeably improved performance over Windows 7 SP1.