I have thought about just replacing the HD, but my computer is still working fine. I am also having a few other problems (broken LCD and cracked screen bezel/casing and webcam not functioning).

Anyhow, I will look into the repair install. Is there any chance that this could have to do with malware of some sort? I've run Malwarebytes and did a scan with the portable HerdProtect scanner, with not much found.

The SFC scan still says that "Windows Resource Protection found corrupt files but was unable to fix some of them" ... I have attached a portion of the CBS log (may be too long or too short) if anyone is able to interpret that.