What happens to a file when you 'save' and 'copy'?

Hello everyone here on this lovely forum

I have some questions I really hope you can help me with.

Create (save as) an file (A = 10.10.2015)
Makes changes (save) to the file (B = 20.10.2015)
Copy the file from 20.10.2015 to another harddrive (C = 30.10.2015)

What happens to the original file (A) when I make changes to it and ‘save’ the changes (B)? Will the original file from 10.10.2015 be deleted or is it saved somewhere else on the computer?

Is there any connection between the file first made 10.10.2015, and the new file that is created with ‘copy’ (30.10.2015)? There is only a connection between B (20.10.2015) - C (30.10.2015)?

Is there any info on the copied file to the hardrive, about the first file (10.10.2015)? No data, not even a the date (the date is 10.10.2015)?

Should I perceive it this way: When you ‘copy’ a file to a new hardrive, the copied file ONLY contain the changes last made and the date it was last changed, and there is no connection to the original version when the file was CREATED?

Best regards :)

So the original is deleted/gone?

It will be located in another directory on the computer?

And this "backup" will be gone if you format the drive? In other words the "backup" does not follow the file?

Does the copied file to the harddrive, contain any data or info about the original file (10.10.2015)? No data? Not even the date the first original file was created (the date is 10.10.2015)?

And if you copy a file (A), the NEW file (B) will have no information about the previous versions of the file (A)? Only the date it was copied and the date the last changes were mate to original file (A)?

And what if you copy it to a new harddrive? How info/data will then follow with the file?