Please don't use external links for images. On the Quick Reply window, click on the paper clip (top right), browse to the image file - upload
(SIW2, correct if I'm wrong) All partitions has an ID. When you clone a disk you create partitions that has different ID from the original disk. That is why you have C: (missing) = Windows can't find the partition as the new disk has a C: partition with a new ID.
Just set C: (missing) to off (Turn off System Protection).
After cloning a disk I always boot from a Win 7 installation disk and do a Boot Repair so it sets the correct ID to the boot loader.