Your CBSPersist log shows a rather serious problem.
Code:
2014-05-07 18:32:48, Info CSI 0000015e ICSITransaction::Commit calling IStorePendingTransaction::Apply - coldpatching=FALSE applyflags=7
2014-05-07 18:32:48, Info CSI 0000015f Creating NT transaction (seq 3), objectname [6]"(null)"
2014-05-07 18:32:48, Info CSI 00000160 Created NT transaction (seq 3) result 0x00000000, handle @0x420
2014-05-07 18:32:48, Error CSI 00000161 (F) STATUS_ACCESS_DENIED #1821447# from Windows::Rtl::SystemImplementation::DirectRegistryProvider::SysCreateKey(key = {provider=NULL, handle=0}, da = (KEY_READ|KEY_SET_VALUE|KEY_CREATE_SUB_KEY|KEY_WOW64_64KEY), oa = @0x1c1e750->OBJECT_ATTRIBUTES {s:48; rd:NULL; on:[42]"\Registry\Machine\System\CurrentControlSet"; a:(OBJ_CASE_INSENSITIVE)}, ti = 0, class = [6]"(null)", co = (REG_OPTION_BACKUP_RESTORE), disp = Unmapped disposition: 0)
[gle=0xd0000022]
2014-05-07 18:32:48, Error CSI 00000162@2014/5/7:17:32:48.019 (F) d:\win7sp1_gdr\base\wcp\sil\merged\ntu\ntsystem.cpp(3440): Error STATUS_ACCESS_DENIED originated in function Windows::Rtl::SystemImplementation::DirectRegistryProvider::SysCreateKey expression: (null)
[gle=0x80004005]
2014-05-07 18:33:00, Error CSI 00000163 (F) STATUS_ACCESS_DENIED #1821446# from Windows::Rtl::SystemImplementation::CKey::CreateNewKey(...)[gle=0xd0000022]
2014-05-07 18:33:00, Error CSI 00000164 (F) STATUS_ACCESS_DENIED #1821332# from Windows::COM::CComponentStore::ApplyTransactionNow(...)[gle=0xd0000022]
2014-05-07 18:33:00, Error CSI 00000165 (F) HRESULT_FROM_WIN32(ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED) #1821324# from Windows::COM::CPendingTransaction::IStorePendingTransaction_Apply(...)[gle=0x80070005]
2014-05-07 18:33:00, Error CSI 00000166 (F) HRESULT_FROM_WIN32(ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED) #709941# from Windows::ServicingAPI::CCSITransaction::ICSITransaction_Commit(Flags = 22 (0x00000016), pSink = NULL, disp = 0, coldpatching = FALSE)[gle=0x80070005]
2014-05-07 18:33:00, Error CSI 00000167 (F) HRESULT_FROM_WIN32(ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED) #709940# 19825696 us from Windows::ServicingAPI::CCSITransaction_ICSITransaction::Commit(flags = 0x00000016, pSink = NULL, disp = 0)
[gle=0x80070005]
2014-05-07 18:33:00, Info CBS Scavenge: Failed to commit scavenging of CSI store. [HRESULT = 0x80070005 - E_ACCESSDENIED]
This implies that there is some major corruption in your registry - specifically, the SYSTEM hive.
Let's see if we can get some closer idea of where the problem lies.
Please open an Elevated Command Prompt, and run the following commands...
REG QUERY HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet
REG QUERY HKLM\SYSTEM
REG QUERY "HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\ProfileList"
Post the results...
Here are some instructions to make life easier :)
1) To open an Elevated Command Prompt Window (the ECP window), click on Start, All Programs, Accessories – then right-click on Command Prompt, and select Run as Administrator. Accept the UAC prompt.
2) To run the commands easier, highlight the block of commands, and right-click on the highlight – select Copy. In the CP Window, click on the black/white icon at top left – select Paste. The commands will run but may not complete the last command, so hit the Enter Key once.
3) To copy the results... click on the Black/White icon in the top left, and select Edit... 'Select All', and hit the Enter key - then use Ctrl+V or r-click+Paste to paste it into your response.