Unable to check for updates on Windows 7

Open Regedit, Navigate to

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Component Based Servicing

right-click on the Component Based Servicing entry, and select Permissions
Click on Advanced
Click on the Owner tab
The current Owner should be TrustedInstaller (let me know if not!)
click on Administrators to highlight it
Click on Apply
Click on the Permissions tab
Click on Add
Type Adminstrators in the box, and click OK
put a checkmark in 'Full Control' (all the other boxes will auto-tick)
Click OK
Put a checkmark in 'Replace all child permissions...'
Click OK
Confirm it - you may get an error message saying that some permissions couldn't be applied - that's OK
Click OK out to Regedit, then close Regedit

Then open an Elevated Command Prompt, and run the following commands...

Code:

REG DELETE "HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Component Based Servicing\PackageDetect\Microsoft-Windows-ServerCore-WOW64-Package~31bf3856ad364e35~amd64~sl-SI~0.0.0.0" /v Package_for_KB2998527~31bf;856ad364e35~amd64~~6.1.q.1 /F
REG DELETE "HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Component Based Servicing\PackageDetect\Microsoft-Windows-NetFx2-ServerCore-OC-WOW64-Package~31bf3856ad364e35~amd64~lt-LT~0.0.0.0 /v Package_for_KB2901112~31bf3856ad364e35~amd74~~6.1.1.0 /F
REG DELETE "HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Component Based Servicing\PackageDetect\Microsoft-Windows-NetFx2-ServerCore-OC-Package~31bf3856ad364e35~amd64~lv-LV~0.0.0.0 /v Package_for_KB2901112~31bf3856ad365e35~amd64~~6.1.1.0 /F
REG DELETE "HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Component Based Servicing\Packages\Package_for_KB2901112~31bf3856ad364e35~amd64~~6.1.1.0" /F
 
.

Post the results, then reboot, and run a new CheckSUR scan and post the CheckSUR.log file

Hmmm - a little strange...

Code:

Microsoft Windows [Version 6.1.7601]
Copyright (c) 2009 Microsoft Corporation.  All rights reserved.

C:\Windows\system32>REG DELETE "HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\Cu
rrentVersion\Component Based Servicing\PackageDetect\Microsoft-Windows-ServerCor
e-WOW64-Package~31bf3856ad364e35~amd64~sl-SI~0.0.0.0" /v Package_for_KB2998527~3
1bf;856ad364e35~amd64~~6.1.q.1 /F
ERROR: Access is denied.

C:\Windows\system32>REG DELETE "HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\Cu
rrentVersion\Component Based Servicing\PackageDetect\Microsoft-Windows-NetFx2-Se
rverCore-OC-WOW64-Package~31bf3856ad364e35~amd64~lt-LT~0.0.0.0 /v Package_for_KB
2901112~31bf3856ad364e35~amd74~~6.1.1.0 /F
Permanently delete the registry key HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Window
s\CurrentVersion\Component Based Servicing\PackageDetect\Microsoft-Windows-NetFx
2-ServerCore-OC-WOW64-Package~31bf3856ad364e35~amd64~lt-LT~0.0.0.0 /v Package_fo
r_KB2901112~31bf3856ad364e35~amd74~~6.1.1.0 /F (Yes/No)? REG DELETE "HKEY_LOCAL_
MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Component Based Servicing\Pack
ageDetect\Microsoft-Windows-NetFx2-ServerCore-OC-Package~31bf3856ad364e35~amd64~
lv-LV~0.0.0.0 /v Package_for_KB2901112~31bf3856ad365e35~amd64~~6.1.1.0 /F
Permanently delete the registry key HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Window
s\CurrentVersion\Component Based Servicing\PackageDetect\Microsoft-Windows-NetFx
2-ServerCore-OC-WOW64-Package~31bf3856ad364e35~amd64~lt-LT~0.0.0.0 /v Package_fo
r_KB2901112~31bf3856ad364e35~amd74~~6.1.1.0 /F (Yes/No)? REG DELETE "HKEY_LOCAL_
MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Component Based Servicing\Pack
ages\Package_for_KB2901112~31bf3856ad364e35~amd64~~6.1.1.0" /F
Permanently delete the registry key HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Window
s\CurrentVersion\Component Based Servicing\PackageDetect\Microsoft-Windows-NetFx
2-ServerCore-OC-WOW64-Package~31bf3856ad364e35~amd64~lt-LT~0.0.0.0 /v Package_fo
r_KB2901112~31bf3856ad364e35~amd74~~6.1.1.0 /F (Yes/No)?
Permanently delete the registry key HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Window
s\CurrentVersion\Component Based Servicing\PackageDetect\Microsoft-Windows-NetFx
2-ServerCore-OC-WOW64-Package~31bf3856ad364e35~amd64~lt-LT~0.0.0.0 /v Package_fo
r_KB2901112~31bf3856ad364e35~amd74~~6.1.1.0 /F (Yes/No)?
Permanently delete the registry key HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Window
s\CurrentVersion\Component Based Servicing\PackageDetect\Microsoft-Windows-NetFx
2-ServerCore-OC-WOW64-Package~31bf3856ad364e35~amd64~lt-LT~0.0.0.0 /v Package_fo
r_KB2901112~31bf3856ad364e35~amd74~~6.1.1.0 /F (Yes/No)?

The /F switch I used is supposed to bypass the need for confirmation clicks - but for whatever reason seems not to have worked here
The Access Denied error in the first command would tend to indicate that the key is deeply corrupt - and possibly not fixable by normal means.

I suspect that your easiest solution is going to be a repair install - but I can't say for certain whether that will work fully.

It *may* be possible to fix this - but there are risks, and it will take a while, whatever happens. It will also require that you trust me, as the data I will ask you to send does have personal information in it. I'll arrange relatively secure means of communication, but cannot guarantee anything (including a fix!) - it's your choice all the way.