Paranoia Meets Logic And Reason
I'm sensing a lot of paranoia about the government, and business here from a lot of people no offense to anyone. Logically speaking here why, would your ISP give a crap about what you are doing online? Or the NSA/FBI for that matter unless you were seriously doing something seriously illegal?
If you're doing something seriously illegal the FBI could get a warrant and see what sites you are visiting, otherwise out of all the billions of people online why would they care what you are doing as long as it's not illegal? What a waste of time and how extremely boring. Would you like to know what sites your friends are all visiting most the time? I think I would be bored to tears or grossed out by the adult sites lol.
I would be much more concerned about HACKERS, and MALWARE that DO want to know what you are doing online for the good old fashioned reason of $$$. There are sites out there you could simply just visit which would exploit your computer and give a hacker or hackers complete command line access to your computer,
at which point they could read your documents, and depending on permissions and root shells, remove you as a user, add themselves, activate remote desktop, and steal your files and Install a backdoor for permanent access, how about that Great right?
Why do they do this you ask? They want to drain your bank account, and they want your computer; they then use your computer as a zombie to carry on further attacks. This happens all the time so don't think it can't happen to you, and I fix computer riddled with malware and hackers all the time ouch!.
To keep security breaches from happening of course requires a lot of knowledge, layers of security, and the principal of least privileges etc. That is don't allow users or even yourself to have MORE PRIVILEGES than you need to carry out what you want to do when you log on; like browse the web.
- The First and most important Thing to do if haven't is create a limited user account, if you're currently logging in as administrator (most people are) and you are browsing the web to unfamiliar sites in the administrator account you are asking for trouble, because things like spyware can install with administrator privileges into the root of the system way easier than if you weren't using an admin account. In the control panel you can add a limited user; quickly switch users from the start menu to the limited user account if you want to just BROWSE THE WEB!
A Sandbox isolates things from writing to the computer, so if you do get a virus,trojan,rootkit, or run into an exploited web page online it can't generally EVER get out of the sandbox and you can simply remove the contents from the sandbox anytime.
- Get good malware protection with a firewall (duhh) right! lol
If you don't have good malware protection use commodo free edition it's FREE and really good stuff the premium is FREEEE! Make sure you download the internet security version though!
Free Download - The Best Firewall Protection and Anti-Virus Scan Software from Comodo
When I browse the net to unfamiliar sites or the dark corners of the net, I always use the least privileged account, WITH SANDBOXIE, and guess what? I haven't got a single byte of malware successfully installed in my system yet

!!! I'm just magic!
Using the above security systems will seriously save you from being spied on by hackers and save you a lot of headaches and potential identity theft, or money being stolen from you.
Peace - I know this was long but I hope this helps. Also I you really want a VPN get that too. Also be sure to watch this video below. This guy talks about the current dangers in rootkits and also how using the operating system features are your best bet; think user accounts and permissions again.
Michael Davis Is Right ON:
YouTube - What are Malware and Rootkits? From Michael Davis, author of Hacking Exposed Malware & Rootkits