A lot of changes...
You can learn more from official site.
My Computer
Computer Manufacturer/Model Number
Custom Build
OS
Windows 7 Professional 64 bit SP 1
CPU
Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-2500 CPU 3.30GHz
Motherboard
Asus P8H61-MLE
Memory
4.00 GB DDR3 SDRAM
Graphics Card(s)
NVIDIA GeForce 9500 GT
Sound Card
High Definition Audio Codec:
Monitor(s) Displays
SyncMaster (1280x1024@60Hz)
Screen Resolution
1280x1024
Hard Drives
1465GB Western Digital WDC WD15EARS-00Z5B1 ATA Device (SATA)
977GB Western Digital WDC WD10EADS-00L5B1 ATA Device (SATA)
1863GB Western Digital WDC WD20EARX-00PASB0 ATA Device (SATA)
156GB Seagate ST3160813AS ATA Device (SATA)
When I first went from XP to Win 7 I practically lived on this site. There are to many little changes and some big ones to list here.
The tutorials and by asking questions when something came up that I did not understand got me through the first month. I though XP was the ultimate in Operating Systems until I got Win 7. I was wrong.
Win 7 is much more reliable once I understood it. Anyway I think you will greatly appreciate Win 7 once you get used to it.
The main things to get used to is the use of library's (which are folders containing multiple locations) and User account control, other than that it's mostly extra features such as aeropeek (show window contents in thumbs on the taskbar) better security and more streamlined interfaces.