Indeed, a lot of people have problems on high resolution displays. Especially some laptop panels which are basically too small to see properly when used at high resolutions. Unfortunately, changing the resolution affects other things. Changing the DPI ( Dots Per Inch) settings can also cause problems. Using the % size increase has the least effect on other things but usually the maximum benefit with regard to visibilty and reading.
On some machines I change the fonts/sizes ( in "Personalise")to make things more readable for people with poor eyesight. One may also of course set things like icon sizes etc. to taste.
As you write, it is basically a matter of trying things out, but changing the %increase of text/item size is often a "quick fix" which does not affect other things too much.
The more things you change, the more difficult it is to keep track of them, and as every change you make affects everything else, the simple % text/item size change is very convenient as it doesn't affect anything except the actual visible size of the text etc.
If you try to change lots of things, DPI, Resolution, % Size, fonts, etc. It can take a lot of time and messing about to get what you want, most especially if you are using simple "trial and error", without really knowing what to change in order to achieve what you want.
There are a very large number of users who would never "fiddle" with anything on their PC's. They actively resent it when one tries to explain anything. The vast majority use their PC's for a few specific things, and simply expect them to work, they don't want to know how, and they certainly don't want to have to adjust things themselves.
This is a majority group, which forums like this, and indeed many other excellent aid sources, simply never reach. Because they would not even consider trying to fix something themselves.These are also among the people who have the most problems when things go wrong, or don't work as they expect.
Something which may well seem simple to you and I, or many others here, is simply incomprehensible to many people.
Regards....Mike Connor