I'm not sure what is going on the the adapter, but if you type "transfer files from another computer" into the Start Menu search window, it will take you to a wizard that is designed for this purpose. I have never used it on W7, only on XP, and it was slow, but then slow is better than dead.
EDIT: Rethinking your last question, I assume that you used the adapter to connect your wife's hard drive to your laptop. If that is so, then I have no idea of the problem...maybe someone else will.
EDIT 2: Thinking further, when you say that the only thing there is listed as Recovery, are you talking about a file or a partition. A lot of manufacturers have recovery partitions separate from the main partition containing the OS, etc. That partition should be much smaller than the drive's capacity though, and the primary partition should also be visible. If not, then you have a serious problem, and the data may not be recoverable.
EDIT 3: Thinking on, if for some reason the primary partition has disappeared, it may be possible to recover the data using something like O&O's Disk Recovery. However, when I bought it back about a year ago, it cost ~$100, so you would have to decide whether the data was worth that or not.