First, you'll need to connect the SSD to the computer in one of two possible ways: A) via a free SATA connection in the computer or B) via a SATA to USB adapter. The choice is yours.
Now, there are many disk clone utilities that will accomplish what you want, but I have used the Chinese made program AOMEI Backupper before and still do for my parent's computer and it's a straight forward process to create a 1:1 clone to the SSD.
Launch AOMEI Backupper. Chose the Clone option. Chose the source which will be your computer hard drive often times C drive.
Chose your destination. Your SSD to receive the clone. Chose the align partition option and start. You don't need the sector by sector option unless you're cloning a bad drive or something and want as much bit integrity as possible.
I'd use the option in AOMEI Backupper to create a Linux live USB stick or CD that you can boot like you would when you install Windows so that you can clone to the hard drive in the computer from your backup SSD should disaster strike. They also have a Windows PE image that can be burned to USB or CD, but I found it to be problematic. The Linux version they offer has always worked for me.
Yes, it's Chinese made, but I scanned the living crap out of my version and the computer I installed it to with things most people never heard of or even use and nothing found. So it's safe by my accounts. If in doubt, scan the download at Virus Total. The rule of thumb is that if you see 4 or more hits, the download is infected. Since Virus Total uses so many anti-virus engines, the likelihood of a false positive exists with some of the anti-virus engines. Also, for what it's worth, Virus Total gets malware samples from the U.S. Cyber Command for definitions to use.
Other people have used Macrium Reflect, but it's been over a decade since I used that so I can't guide you on it.
If in the future you or someone else reads this and needs to clone a hard drive that is fully encrypted, I use Clonezilla. Clonezilla will also clone your drive now that isn't encrypted, but it may not be straight forward on how to use it. I have to use Clonezilla for my computers since I use FDE (Full Disk Encryption) myself. In fact, about a week ago I just used Clonezilla to clone my 500 GB SSD to a 1 TB SSD. So far so good. I also clone periodically to external drives as a backup and those are stored in a $35 fireproof safe. Just food for the wise.
