It may be the sequence in which you power up the USB device and connect it to the computer, and a power management setting in Device Manager. This applies to devices that are self-powered, although the power management setting might more aptly apply to port-powered devices.
I had 2 self-powered devices that wouldn't detect in Windows 7 (Seagate FreeAgent pro external USB drive and anything connected via a Dynex 7 port USB hub) -- no ding for USB detection, nothing in device manager or anywhere else.
Here's what didn't work for me, but took a lot of time with countless reboots.

Used Device Manager to update drivers (not needed according to OS) and to uninstall and redetect USB host controllers and Root Hubs. I unplugged and replugged USB connectors to all the computer's USB ports. I tried registry hacks. Zippo, nada.
Pinultimate thing I did was disable power management on the USB Root Hubs (properties in Device Manager), which may help. Last thing (always the last thing, doh) I started to play with the power connection to the devices. They had always been powered up (at least they glowed with a power light), but apparently early on I connected them to the computer (with the computer on) before powering up the device. As such, they got into the mode of pulling power from the USB port (not enough juice for these puppies), even after I connected them to external power. I had to reset them by disconnecting them from the computer and power. Let them sit for several seconds, then power them up, sit for another few seconds and connect to the computer. Voila -- case solved.

I could reproduce the problem by just reversing the sequence.