Just downloaded and attempted to install Microsoft Office Starter 2010 on my Win7 SSD & received same internet connection error. Apparently M$ has discontinued support for the product.
You shouldn't officially be able to install Office Starter 2010. The only official way for it to be installed was for OEM's to pre-install Office 2010, then to choose to run Starter 2010 rather than purchasing Office when you first try to run Office 2010.
I have several machines with OEM pre-installed W7+Office 2010. I can confirm that I can still install, uninstall and reinstall Starter 2010 on such a machine, as such an install is done entirely offline using the pre-installed Office 2010 files as the source.
However, I can also confirm that any operation requiring online access will fail. This includes repairing Starter 2010 or creating the 'Office to Go' USB. It would seem that 13th October was the day MS pulled the plug on the online servers required for this. Good thing I have already made an 'Office to Go' USB then
Support for Office 2010 ended on October 13, 2020
Upgrade to Microsoft 365 to work anywhere from any device and continue to receive support.
Getting started with Office Starter - Office Support
PS: If you are thinking of upgrading a W7 machine with Starter 2010 installed to W10, then Setup will say Office Starter 2010 is incompatible and will be unistalled (just Starter, the full Office 2010 can be retained).
However, that only happens if you try upgrading with install media for any version from v1511 up to the latest 20H2. The very first version 10240 (1507) did not uninstall Starter 2010, and once upgraded to W10 any further upgrades wouldn't remove it either. You do have to install Starter while still in W7 though, once upgraded to W10 the option to use Starter is removed from the dialog when you try to open Office 2010 for the first time.
I have one W10 machine running Starter 2010 with no problems in the latest version 20H2. It was retained when it got the free upgrade from W7 to W10 in August 2015 and has continued to work to this day.