Windows' logic is awkward on this matter (as it is on many others).
You need to do things in a certain order, if you want to take full advantage of Windows' possibilities. Although your request is to show all folders the same way, I suspect what you might be trying to do is to avoid being compelled to adjust individually each and every folder's view when opening it.
1. Define your templates
First, you have to customise to your liking the view of Windows' embedded templates. There are 5 of them, and you can't add any, or change their names : they are
General Items,
Documents,
Pictures,
Music and
Videos.
However, you can make
General Items look as you like,
Documents look as you like, etc.
Use this tutorial for instance to that effect :
http://www.sevenforums.com/tutorials/11356-folder-view-apply-folders.html
2. Link your directory to a template
Then, you have to link the folder, or top directory whose view you want to adjust, to one of those templates, and say : I want this folder, or this folder and all its sub-folders, to look like
General Items, or
Documents, or
Pictures, etc, as I have defined them before.
Use this tutorial for instance to that effect :
http://www.sevenforums.com/tutorials/3918-folder-template-change.html
Don't let yourself be misled by Windows very confusing choice of vocabulary at that stage. Contrary to what the menu item you're going to use will tell you, you won't be
"customising your folder". You'll only be applying a pre-set template to it. The customisation will have occured before, at stage 1, when you will have, in effect,
customised your template.
3. Simpler yet...
Of course, you can chose to have the same view for all your folders, according to your original request, if you don't want to take advantage of the possibility to define different types of views.
Then you could start with the tutorial DavidE showed to you :
http://www.sevenforums.com/tutorials/41198-folder-view-set-default-all-folders.html
4. In practice
Practically speaking, I
find that
Pictures,
Music and
Videos are appropriate (and sometimes needed) for the small subset of files they are named after.
However, the vast majority of files and folders I use fall under the
General Items or
Documents category. Those templates' names are broad enough that you can use them for anything you like -- except pictures, music and videos, if you have decided to take advantage of those categories to apply a specific view to related files.
So, basically you are left with 2 general-use templates,
General Items and
Documents. I use
Documents for folders containing... documents (Word files, Excel files, .htm files, .pdf's...), and
General Items for folders containing software installers and installed software.
The only difference between both my templates is that
Documents' columns are somewhat stacked on the left, so that when I click on
Show the preview pane, I can have a peek into a specific file, while Windows Explorer's columns remain (mostly) in full view. Software can't be previewed, so I apply the
General Items view to them, where I have adjusted the columns to occupy the full width of the screen, making them display as much information about the files as possible.
This is only to give you an idea obviously, as your needs will probably be different.
One last thing : be aware that Windows sometimes breaks your choice of template, when you save a specific type of file in a folder (a picture, for instance), and it
"decides" that this folder
"must" therefore be a picture's folder -- and adjusts the view accordingly.
This feature (
Automatic Folder Type Discovery) is covered by this tutorial :
http://www.sevenforums.com/tutorials/15699-folder-template-default.html
It is my understanding that sometimes Windows misbehaves itself in that respect, and may be caught changing views in an uncontrolled manner. Other posters may confirm or refute this point.